Nail fungus: an infectious disease that affects nail plate. In a severe form of the current, it goes to the skin of the skin and can extend to other areas. The activation of the pathogenic microorganism is possible when visiting public places, while wearing tight shoes, with weakened immunity, injuries.
On the beginning of the development of the disease, a change in the color of the affected area, the extension of the nail, the fragility, the pain, the peeling and an unpleasant smell indicate a change in the color of the affected area. The diagnosis includes bacterial particles of the affected area, histology, cultural examination, blood test. Medication treatment. In some cases, surgical intervention is required.
Contrary to the opinion that a person's shoes whose nails are affected by fungal infection must be discarded, this is not.
It must be treated with a special device that, when placed inside, emits ultraviolet radiation and kills fungi.
It is also allowed to use a 40%vinegar solution diluted in water. The shoes are cleaned from the inside with the resulting composition and placed in a sealed bag for several hours.
What is nail fungus?
Despite the fact that onychomycosis (a fungal infection of the nail) is not a danger to life, this is an important problem of public medical care due to high prevalence and therapeutic difficulties associated with high relapse indicators and the progression of chronic injuries. It has certain consequences for patients, such as discomfort and painful reactions.
Dermatophytes are usually responsible for onquomycosis in countries with a tempered climate. Destroying keratin and absorbing its nutrients, represent hyaline septic forms. The GIFs of these mycelial organisms penetrate the tacaño layer of the skin and nails.
Fungk cells produce keratinolithic proteases that provide a way to move to living cells. Some species are mainly soil saprophytes that acquired the ability to digest keratinized particles and evolve so that they could parasitize the keratin tissues of animals.
The term "dermatophotosis" is used to describe infection by members of the microsporum, trichophyte and epidermophyte. The types that often cause onychomycosis: red trichophyte, tricophye mintagrofitte and epidermophyte in the form of a flap (epidermophosis pathogen): the first two participate much more often as causal factors.
Only a red trichophite is responsible for more than 80% of onychomycosis. The skin, hair, nail infection with incomplete shapes (vagabond and sprucerypsis) are called "dermatomycosis. "Both dermatophytes and incidents identify themselves as the only etiological agents of onychomycosis.
The infection begins with the discoloration and deformation of the nails, which causes pain and complicates its haircut. In patients with complicated factors, it causes damage to surrounding tissues, it can contribute to a secondary bacterial infection.
In addition, recent studies have revealed the psychological, social and professional consequences of the condition, which seems to be underestimated by experts in medical care in the treatment of this condition.
Doctors point out that nail fungus is a common problem that can affect people of all ages. The main symptoms include a change in the color of the nails, its thickness and fragility. Experts emphasize that an important aspect of treatment is early diagnosis, since advanced cases may require a longer and more complicated treatment. Doctors who use local and systemic antimicotic medications are recommended, depending on the degree of damage. In addition, they focus on the need to comply with hygiene standards and preventive measures, such as wearing convenient shoes and the use of individual legs. It is also important to remember that the fungus can be transmitted from person to person, so common bathrooms and showers should be avoided.
How to treat nail fungus?
Statistics
Nail fungus damage is subject to 5 to 15% of the population. With age, the prevalence of the pathological process increases to approximately 30% after reaching 65 years. However, it is worth noting that the fungus often occurs in children.
Approximately 10 years, incidence rates increase 2. 5 times. At the same time, in childhood, it is only 3%, while among the adult population it reaches up to 60%.
Unlike women, men are more affected by men. In addition, the pathological process 3-7 times more often affects the lower limbs than the superiors.
All varieties of parasitic fungi are combined in 3 groups.
Scraping the skin fungus
The fungus injury is one of the most common pathologies that belongs to skin diseases.
In 80% of patients, the disease develops in the context of dermatophytes reproduction.
Explosive parasites are 5 times more likely to be located on the nails of the hands. Moldo fungi are the rarest species.
In people with diabetes mellitus, the incidence rate is 3 times higher. In 90% of people with psoriasis, the probability of infection also increases 2 times.
Reasons
The risk factor is contact with the source of infection. For example, Trichofyte Verrucosum, which evolves from the ancestors living on the ground, infects farmers, agricultural workers, veterinarians. It is transmitted through direct contact or bites, although cases of infection obtained in the laboratory were also recorded.
Several exclusive factors of modern life led to the prevalence of onychomycosis. These include:
- Continuedshoesin high heels;
- Using commonwetlocal (such as showers and changing rooms);
- Health deteriorationagingpopulation;
- An increase in the number of people with weakenedimmunitydue to diseases (for example, HIV infection);
- TherapeuticAgents (immunosuppressants, therapy after operation, the use of broad spectrum antibiotics);
- rightinjurynails, including certain teak disorders (nail bites);
- Geneticpredisposition.
Nail fungus treatment with a laser
Nail fungus laser therapy is an effective hardware method that helps accelerate recovery.
True fungal infections are found on the fingernails much more frequently than on fingers. This is due to the fact that they are subject to greater friction and sweating. The socks and shoes contribute to a dark and humid fungal atmosphere.
The causes may include a poor peripheral blood circulation, diabetes, repeated nail injury, disability or lack of will to correctly cut the nails into the legs and maintain adequate care for them. The risk increases with age and through the underlying disease of the nails.
Many people face the problem of nail fungus, and opinions in this regard are very diverse. Some argue that this is not only an aesthetic problem, but also a serious illness that requires an attentive approach. Many share their treatment experience, speaking of several drugs and popular remedies. Some point out that the fungus can return even after successful treatment, which causes disappointment and fear of infection. Others emphasize the importance of prevention, advising monitoring hygiene and avoiding public places with high humidity. In general, a discussion about nail fungus is often accompanied by advice and recommendations, indicating its prevalence and relevance of the problem in society.
Nail fungus. Treatment of the careless form of nail fungus
Guys
The prevalence of nail fungus varies throughout the world due to several cultural and socio -economic factors. Namely, it depends on the geographical reion, the population, the mycological characteristics and the diagnostic methods used.
Four types of onylomycosis have been identified, characterized by a clinical manifestation and an invasion route.
Distal and lateral submarine onychomycosis
It is observed in most cases and is almost always due to a dermatophytic infection. It acts on the hyponichia, often along the edges of the side sides, it spreads proximally along the nail bed, which leads to sub -hepherdia and onsilisis, although the nail plate is not initially affected.
It can be limited on the one hand and spread on the one hand, covering the entire nail and progressing constantly until the rear nail roller reaches.
In the end, the nail plate is released, it can be divided, often due to an injury, although destruction is probably associated with dermatophytes invasion that have keratolithic properties. The surrounding skin exam almost always reveals signs of dermatophotosis.
Superficial white onychomycosis
This is a dermatophytic infection caused by Trichophyton Mentagrofitest. A less common guy affects the surface of the nail plate, which acquires a whitish color and is significantly exfolia (but onicolysis is not a characteristic of onciomycosis).
It happens that an erroneous diagnosis can be made when taken for "keratin granulations" (nail polish reaction). To confirm, it is necessary to perform a laboratory test.
Proximal onylomycosis tray
A rare form of dermatophytic infections, often associated with intercurrent disease. The pathogenic fungus invades the nail plate of Eponichia and the nail matrix. It occurs in immunosuppressive patients.
Onychomycosis candidiasis
Another name is the infection of the nail with Candida yeast, classified by:
- chronicParonichiawith secondary nail dystrophy;
- chronicMycosismucous membrane;
- Distalinfectionnails;
- secondaryMycosis
Nail fungus prevention
The fungus of the nails and feet is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria.
Distal infection with yeast is rare (in patients with Raynaud's disease or another form of vascular failure).
Chronic paronichia occurs in raw conditions. The swelling of the rear fold of the nails is secondary in relation to a chronic humid state. The cuticle, which is separated from the nail plate, loses waterproof properties. Microorganisms penetrate the subcutaneous space, causing the swelling of the posterior fold.
Chronic mucous circuit candidiasis covers mucous membranes, which is caused by a decrease in cellular immunity. The clinical signs vary according to the seriousness of immunosuppression, in severe cases there is a complete thickening of the nail.
Secondary candidal onychomycosis occurs due to a series of nail diseases, mainly psoriasis.
Total distributing onicycosis is used to describe nail disease in the last stage, although some doctors consider it a separate subtype. It may be the final result of any of the four main models of onquomicosis.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of the fungus are the extension of the nail and the change in its white, black, yellow or green color. As the infection progresses from the initial stage to a careless form, it becomes fragile, the pieces break of it. If it does not treat, then the skin under the nail and around it is inflamed, hurts or take off. There is an unpleasant smell.
Onicycosis in patients with weakened immunity is a very serious health problem. Not only a severe infection serves as a constant reminder for the patient about his own worsened state, but there is the possibility of transferring fungal pathogens to another person.
Diagnosis
The clinical representation of deformed nails should warn the doctor about the possibility of onhomicosis. But since fungi are the cause of only half of all injuries, it is necessary to be careful to correctly identify the signs and symptoms of other diseases that simulate onychomycosis and differentiate different etiologies.
These include psoriasis, lichen, bacterial infections, contact dermatitis, traumatic onystrophy, congenital pachionichia, yellow nail syndrome, idiopathic onicolysis. The repeated nail lesion can lead to distal oncholis: the colonization of the damaged area with microorganisms that produce their pigmentation.
The use of appropriate diagnostic methods includes:
- smear,Potassium treated with potassium hydroxide;
- selectionFungal crops (of the selected material: curettage or fragment of the nail);
- histology.
The first step in the sampling process is an exhaustive cleaning of the nail area of alcohol pollutants (bacteria). Since the places of invasion and location of infections differ in the types of onquomycosis, different approaches are practiced to obtain optimal samples depending on the alleged diagnosis.
Treatment
The main objective of the treatment is to destroy the body demonstrated by microscopy and culture. Clinical improvement: Secondary and based on a strict system to evaluate nail abnormalities.
It is important to admit that the successful destruction of the fungus does not always lead to the correct form of the nails, since they can deform in the infection.
The main treatment methods are relevant or oral antifungal drugs:
- VarnishesThey consist of a fungically effective amount of an antifungal agent in a transparent, stable and films formulator. When applying to the nails, the composition provides a solid, transparent and waterproof film.
- OralPreparations that fall directly into the bloodstream and, moving through the liver, improve the probability of solving the problem. However, they have side effects, they can cause negative reactions in combination with other medications.
The main task is how to determine mycosis and provide relevant treatment. At this stage, some relevant medications are only in development and tests. Those that are available in the pharmaceutical market cannot provide a complete guarantee in Cura.
To overcome the restrictions of traditional compositions, an effective system that can administer antimicotic agents deeply in the nail is necessary.
For example, the chemical (keratolithic) processing of the affected area, which, apparently, improves the results. Keratolithic agents, such as papain, urea and salicylic acid, are used to improve the penetration of antifungal drugs.
Prevention
Everyone is closer to seeing their nails and can quickly recognize any change. Even with a fungal infection, compliance with preventive measures is recommended. After daily washing, the legs are cleaned completely, especially drying between the fingers.
It is preferable to use cotton socks, use good dust or in leg spray. The nails must be kept carefully trimmed. Both manicure and pedicure can be useful and sometimes allows you to get rid of organisms (in the initial stage of infection).
In the last decade, there have been significant successes in the development of effective and safe medicines, but nail fungus will probably continue to be a disease of modern civilization, of what is difficult to get rid of. The environmental conditions that contribute to this are associated with life expectancy and a growing number of people with weakened immunity.
Perhaps the most important task today is the exact diagnosis of a causal agent, which allows the choice of an optimal antifungal drug, whose spectrum of activity covers the infected microorganism.
Answer
What is the most effective remedy for nail fungus?
The active substance of naphtyfine hydrochloride quickly penetrates the lesion, destroys pathogenic microorganisms at the cellular level. The solution and nail polish contain love hydrochloride.
How to eliminate fungus at home at home?
A change a week, it is recommended to make leg baths in warm water (37-38 degrees Celsius) with the addition of sea salt (100 g) or a pinch of citric acid (50 g per 5 liters of water). Since the fungus is afraid of the acidic environment, this therapy helps reduce the amount of fungal cells in the skin of the legs and nails.
What is afraid of fungus on the nails?
What is afraid of fungus on the nails? Onicycosis does not like exposure to baking salt, hydrochloric solutions, hydrogen peroxide, exposure to temperature above 60 degrees.
Is it possible to cure fungal vinegar and fungal soft drinks?
Often, with fungi on the nail, vinegar, soda, iodine, centeing or herbal infusions are used. However, these funds can only solve a superficial problem. If the fungus has already entered the bed of the nail and matrix, popular methods will be useless. On the contrary, they often cause inflammation, irritating soft tissues.
Plead
Tip No. 1
Pass the nail condition regularly. Pay attention to changes in color, texture and nail shape. Early fungus detection will help avoid its propagation and facilitate treatment.
Tip No. 2
Mront his legs in dryness. The fungus prefers a humid atmosphere, so try to wear breathing shoes and change socks as frequently as possible, especially after physical activity or in the warm climate.
Tip No. 3
Avoid public places with high humidity, such as saunas, swimming pools and changing rooms. If you still need to go there, wear special protective shoes or shoes to minimize the risk of infection.
Tip No. 4
Contact the doctor to the first signs of the fungus. Do not self -medicate, since inappropriate treatment can aggravate the problem. A specialist can prescribe effective medications and give recommendations for nail care.